1 Peter 1:13

1:13 Therefore, get your minds ready for action ¹  by being fully sober, and set your hope ²  completely on the grace that will be brought to you when Jesus Christ is revealed. ³ 

1 Peter 1:1

Salutation

1:1 From Peter, ⁴  an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those temporarily residing ⁵  abroad ⁶  (in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, the province of Asia, ⁷  and Bithynia) who are chosen ⁸ 

1 Peter 1:14-15

1:14 Like obedient children, do not comply with ⁹  the evil urges you used to follow in your ignorance, ¹⁰  1:15 but, like the Holy One who called you, become holy yourselves in all of your conduct,

Titus 2:13

2:13 as we wait for the happy fulfillment of our hope in the glorious appearing ¹¹  of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ. ¹² 

Titus 2:1

Conduct Consistent with Sound Teaching

2:1 But as for you, communicate the behavior that goes with ¹³  sound teaching.

Titus 3:2

3:2 They must not slander ¹⁴  anyone, but be peaceable, gentle, showing complete courtesy to all people.

[1:13]  ¹ tn Grk “binding up the loins of your mind,” a figure of speech drawn from the Middle Eastern practice of gathering up long robes around the waist to prepare for work or action.

[1:13]  ² tn Grk “having bound up…, being sober, set your hope…”

[1:13]  ³ tn Grk “at the revelation of Jesus Christ” (cf. v. 7).

[1:1]  ⁴ tn Grk “Peter.” The word “from” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the sender of the letter.

[1:1]  ⁵ tn Or “to those living as resident aliens,” “to the exiles.” This term is used metaphorically of Christians who live in this world as foreigners, since their homeland is heaven.

[1:1]  ⁶ tn Grk “in the Diaspora.” The Greek term διασπορά (diaspora, “dispersion”) refers to Jews not living in Palestine but “dispersed” or scattered among the Gentiles. But here it is probably metaphorical, used of Gentile Christians spread out as God’s people in the midst of a godless world.

[1:1]  ⁷ tn Grk “Asia”; in the NT this always refers to the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia. The words “the province of” are supplied to indicate to the modern reader that this does not refer to the continent of Asia.

[1:1]  ⁸ tn Or “to the chosen sojourners…” On this reading the phrases in v. 2 describe their entire existence as sojourners, etc., not just their election.

[1:14]  ⁹ tn Or “do not be conformed to”; Grk “not being conformed to.”

[1:14]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “the former lusts in your ignorance.”

[2:13]  ¹¹ tn Grk “the blessed hope and glorious appearing.”

[2:13]  ¹² tn The terms “God and Savior” both refer to the same person, Jesus Christ. This is one of the clearest statements in the NT concerning the deity of Christ. The construction in Greek is known as the Granville Sharp rule, named after the English philanthropist-linguist who first clearly articulated the rule in 1798. Sharp pointed out that in the construction article-noun-καί-noun (where καί [kai] = “and”), when two nouns are singular, personal, and common (i.e., not proper names), they always had the same referent. Illustrations such as “the friend and brother,” “the God and Father,” etc. abound in the NT to prove Sharp’s point. The only issue is whether terms such as “God” and “Savior” could be considered common nouns as opposed to proper names. Sharp and others who followed (such as T. F. Middleton in his masterful The Doctrine of the Greek Article) demonstrated that a proper name in Greek was one that could not be pluralized. Since both “God” (θεός, qeos) and “savior” (σωτήρ, swthr) were occasionally found in the plural, they did not constitute proper names, and hence, do fit Sharp’s rule. Although there have been 200 years of attempts to dislodge Sharp’s rule, all attempts have been futile. Sharp’s rule stands vindicated after all the dust has settled. For more information on Sharp’s rule see ExSyn 270-78, esp. 276. See also 2 Pet 1:1 and Jude 4.

[2:1]  ¹³ tn Grk “say what is fitting for sound teaching” (introducing the behavior called for in this chapter.).

[3:2]  ¹⁴ tn Or “discredit,” “damage the reputation of.”